Diabetes Scene

Classification of Diabetes

Type 1	Characterized by beta cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency. It has two forms: Immune-Mediated Diabetes Mellitus: Results for a cellular mediated autoimmune destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas. Idiopathic Diabetes Mellitus: Refers to forms of the disease that have no known etiologies
Type 2	Diseases of insulin resistance that usually have relative (rather then absolute) insulin deficiency. It has two forms: Can range from predominate insulin resistance with relative insulin deficiency to predominant insulin deficiency with some insulin resistance
Impaired Glucose Homeostasis	A metabolic stage intermediate between normal glucose homeostasis and diabetes. A risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Impaired Fasting Glucose Fasting glucose higher than normal, and less than diagnostic, following administration of a glucose load of 75 grams.
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus	Glucose intolerance in pregnancy. The definitions are unchanged from before.
Other Specific Types	Diabetes caused by other identifiable etiologies. 1. Genetic defects of beta cell function (e.g., MODY 1,2,3) 2. Genetic defects in insulin action 3. Diseases of the exocrine pancreas (e.g., cancer of the pancreas, cystic fibrosis, pancreatitis) 4. Endocrinopathies (e.g., Cushing's) 5. Drug or chemical induced (e.g., steroids) 6. Infection (e.g., rubellla, Cosackie, CMV) 7. Uncommon forms of immune-related diabetes 8. Other genetic syndromes